求解武器目标分配问题的改进粒子群算法

在建立多种类型武器目标分配模型的基础上,提出了一种求解该模型的改进粒子群算法。首先,定义粒子聚焦距离变化率,使惯性权重依据聚焦距离变化率自适应调整;其次,采用速度最大值线性递减的策略平衡算法收敛精度与全局寻优能力之间的矛盾;最后,粒子替换策略使算法改善了因自适应惯性权重的引入而造成收敛速度变慢的问题。仿真结果表明,提出模型和算法合理有效,算法收敛快,适合求解各种种群规模的武器目标分配问题。     

阵列增益下的最大听觉距离及算例分析

被动声定位技术已成为战场目标定位的重要手段,人-机一体化头盔式"电子哨兵"系统能够解决阵列信号处理低信噪比性能下降及人耳听觉距离有限的缺点。作为系统研发的理论基础,从声传播方程出发,研究了考虑阵列增益条件下的最大听觉距离。基于声传播方程,分析了声传播损失的计算方法,探讨了自由场情况下和存在阵列支撑物情况下阵列常规增益和阵列超增益的算法,最后通过算例对阵列处理提高人耳听音距离进行了说明,为人-机一体化"电子哨兵"系统研发提供了理论依据。     

基于虚拟脱靶量预测的准闭环校射方法

针对传统高炮大闭环校射脱靶量不易检测、可校射时间短暂,提出了一种基于虚拟脱靶量预测的准闭环校射方法。首先给出了弹丸双站角度测量的初始状态估计算法;其次,结合外弹道理论建立了一种虚拟等距脱靶量的预测模型,分析了射击校正量的估计方法与准闭环校射方案的实现流程。该方法避免了大闭环校射对脱靶量的直接检测,并提高了高炮闭环校射的时效性。     

尾流自导鱼雷最小开机距离及其应用研究

基于尾流自导鱼雷的制导原理、弹道和自导开机过程,提出了最小开机距离的概念。分析指出了影响尾流自导鱼雷最小开机距离的主要因素是设定的鱼雷深度、鱼雷的航行精度和目标运动参数散布等。建立了最小开机距离的计算模型,并在不同攻击态势下进行了仿真计算和统计分析,得出了有益的结论:在一定的攻击条件下,不同的设定深度、使用不同的鱼雷速制以及不同的目标运动要素误差、鱼雷航行精度,将使鱼雷的最小开机距离不同,即鱼雷的最小开机距离实际上是关于各种因素的函数。通过最小开机距离可以进一步计算出鱼雷自导开机的最大距离,若在工程中予以实现,将对提高潜艇攻击的隐蔽性和鱼雷作战效能具有重要意义。     

一种基于改进Hausdorff距离的图像匹配方法

Hausdorff距离(HD)是图像匹配常用的相似性准则。针对HD在实际图像中难以匹配的问题,提出了基于核密度函数的HD改进形式,该HD是通过对各个最小距离值进行核密度函数计算,并将函数值的和的均值作为单向HD值,无向的HD值取两个单向值的最小值。实验结果表明,提出的改进HD在遮挡、局部变化情况下比其它的HD距离具有较好匹配效果。     

基于Hausdorff距离的SAR图像匹配方法

在传统基于边缘位置的Hausdorff距离匹配基础上,将边缘点的梯度方向信息引入到距离度量中。提出了一种新Hausdorff距离及相应的匹配算法,并将其应用到SAR图像匹配中。实验表明,该算法相对于传统的基于边缘位置的Hausdorff距离匹配算法鲁棒性有所改进。     

现代防空体系中三层作战问题研究

对现代防空体系中三道防线的基本概念和三层作战的任务区分进行了讨论,然后围绕如何对现代防空作战做三层部署展开了论述。首先概述了第一层作战中远程破击的必要性并进一步提出了抗击预警机的主要战法,然后在关于第二层作战问题上重点通过数学建模的方法,对地空导弹距离保卫目标的最佳配置距离进行了研究,最后对第三层作战防空兵作战部署形式及方法进行了讨论,为指挥员进行正确战斗部署提供了一定的参考。     

引入权重的防空战场态势分析模型

在防空作战中,战场态势的分析非常重要,是辅助决策的基础.为了分析和把握防空作战时的战场态势,针对战场态势的主要影响因素,应用集对分析理论和方法,以集对分析的同异反联系度和距离测度为基础,构造了防空战场态势的分析模型,并对该模型进行了深入探讨.最后,通过实例计算表明了应用该分析模型进行战场态势评估的可行性,为防空作战的战场态势评估提供了一种有效的方法,具有一定的应用价值.     

Effect of change of sand properties on travel distance of ricocheted debris

The debris from exploded buildings can ricochet after colliding with the ground, thus increasing the debris travel distance and danger from any associated impacts or collisions. To reduce this danger, the travel distance of ricocheted debris must be accurately predicted. This study analyzed the change in the travel distance of ricocheted concrete debris relative to changes in the properties of a sand medium. Direct shear tests were conducted to measure the change in internal friction angle as a function of temperature and water content of the sand. Finite element analysis (FEA) was then applied to these variables to predict the speed and angle of the debris after ricochet. The FEA results were compared with results of low-speed ricochet experiments, which employed variable temperature and water content. The travel distance of the debris was calculated using MATLAB, via trajectory equations considering the drag coefficient. As the internal friction angle decreased, the shear stress decreased, leading to deeper penetration of the debris into the sand. As the loss of kinetic energy increased, the velocity and travel distance of the ricocheted debris decreased. Changes in the ricochet velocity and travel distance of the debris, according to changes in the internal friction angle, indicated that the debris was affected by the environment.     

Mitigation effects on the reflected overpressure of blast shock with water surrounding an explosive in a confined space

The mitigation of blast shock with water has broad application prospects. Understanding the mitigation effects on the reflected overpressure of the explosion shock with water surrounding an explosive in a confined space is of great significance for military explosives safety applications. To estimate the effects of the parameters on the reflected overpressure of blasted shock wave, a series of experiments were carried out in confined containers with spherical explosives immersed in a certain thickness of water, and numerical simulations were conducted to explore the corresponding mechanisms. The results reveal that the reflected overpressure is abnormally aggravated at a small scaled distance. This aggravation is due to the high impulse of the bulk accelerated water shell converted from the explosion. With increasing scaled distance, the energy will be gradually dissipated. The mitigation effects will appear with the dispersed water phase front impacting at a larger scaled distance, except in the case of a dense water phase state. A critical scaled distance range of 0.7—0.8 m/kg1/3 for effective mitigation was found. It is suggested that the scaled distance of space walls should be larger than the critical value for a certain water-to-explosive weight ratio range (5—20).